The sowing of flowers is generally carried out in protected areas. At least basic facilities such as rain protection or shading should be used to achieve the conditions required for germination of various varieties to ensure the germination rate. Select porous and permeable soils, such as fine-grained peat or leaf mold, in pots or sowing trays. Water the soil before sowing; moisten evenly to support seed germination. Seeds should be evenly sprinkled on the soil surface. For fine seeds, such as thyme, petunia, cineraria, and similar varieties, no covering soil is necessary, but soil moisture must be maintained. Use a fine mist sprayer to keep the surface moist. Avoid heavy watering, which may wash away seeds or push them too deep into the soil, making germination difficult. Alternatively, place a wet paper towel over the soil to prevent seeds from sinking while maintaining moisture. Practical experience shows that germination rates for fine seeds are higher when placed on the soil surface rather than buried. For larger seeds, cover with soil to a depth of 2–3 times the seed size. The amount of covering soil also depends on light requirements and germination characteristics. For example, seeds like pansy should be lightly covered and not left exposed. If seeds become exposed before germination, cover them gently with soil. After sowing, keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Do not allow the soil to dry out before germination, especially for fine seeds. Most seeds germinate best at temperatures between 20–25°C. Note that some seeds require cooler conditions for germination, such as ranunculus and delphinium. Seeds sown in autumn and winter, including certain varieties like vanilla, should not be exposed to temperatures above 25°C. In spring and summer, temperatures should not fall below 20°C. If needed, use clear plastic wrap to help maintain warmth and moisture. Remove the cover as soon as germination occurs. Move seedlings to a location with bright, indirect light promptly after germination. Begin feeding with a balanced liquid fertilizer, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, at a low concentration (approximately 200 times dilution), avoiding overly strong solutions. Continue fertilizing according to plant growth needs as seedlings develop. When seedlings develop 2–3 true leaves, they can be transplanted after reaching 5–6 leaves. Before transplanting, mix a small amount of slow-release granular fertilizer or well-decomposed organic matter into the soil. To encourage bushier growth, pinch back or top the plants as needed.